Yoon of South Korea appears in court for a hearing in his criminal case

SEOUL – The South Korean President, Yoon Suk Yeol, made an appearance in court on Thursday for a hearing where his legal team challenged his arrest related to a criminal accusation that he was involved in plotting a rebellion during a brief period when he declared martial law in December.

Security was heightened as the motorcade transporting Yoon arrived at the Seoul Central District Court and dozens of his supporters rallied nearby.

During the preliminary hearing, various aspects such as witness testimonies and other arrangements for his criminal trial will be discussed. Additionally, the court was set to examine the plea from Yoon’s lawyers to revoke his arrest and set him free from detention, although such appeals seldom succeed.

Yoon was formally charged with rebellion on January 26, a severe offense that could lead to the death penalty or life imprisonment. In South Korea, presidents usually have immunity from many types of criminal charges, except for cases involving rebellion or treason.

The indictment alleges his imposition of martial law was an illegal attempt to shut down the National Assembly and arrest politicians and election authorities. The conservative Yoon has said his martial law declaration was intended as a temporary warning to the liberal opposition and that he had always planned to respect lawmakers’ will if they voted to lift the measure.

Yoon’s presidential powers were suspended when he was impeached Dec. 14, and South Korea’s Constitutional Court is nearing a decision on whether to formally remove him from office or dismiss the Assembly’s impeachment and reinstate him.

Martial law was lifted about six hours after Yoon declared it but has caused political turmoil, disrupted high-level diplomacy and tested the resiliency of the country’s democracy. Yoon’s conservative supporters rioted at the Seoul Western District Court after it authorized his arrest last month, while his lawyers and ruling party have openly questioned the credibility of courts and law enforcement institutions handling the case.

Yoon has continued to express contempt for his liberal rivals for obstructing his agenda and endorsed baseless conspiracy theories about election fraud to justify his ill-fated authoritarian push.

Yoon’s defense minister, police chief and several military commanders have also been arrested and indicted on rebellion, abuse of power and other charges related to the martial law decree, which involved hundreds of heavily armed troops deployed to the National Assembly and National Election Commission offices.